来源：雪球App，作者： 李磊lion，（https://xueqiu.com/1033594328/307696067）
Intel has kept pace with AMD in the PC CPU market by sacrificing power efficiency over the past few years.
That trend ends with Arrow Lake, which brings vast improvements in efficiency.
In one fell swoop, Intel has largely erased AMD's efficiency advantage.
Chip-giant Intel (INTC -1.02%) has managed to keep pace with rival AMD on raw performance in the PC central processing unit (CPU) market over the past few years, but that feat came at a cost. Intel's previous three generations of desktop PC processors -- Alder Lake, Raptor Lake, and Raptor Lake Refresh -- were all built on the Intel 7 manufacturing process.
过去几年，英特尔通过牺牲能效在PC CPU市场上与AMD并驾齐驱。
这种趋势随着箭湖而结束，它带来了效率的巨大提高。
英特尔一举在很大程度上抹去了AMD的效率优势。
芯片巨头 英特尔 （INTC-1.02%)已设法跟上竞争对手的步伐 AMD过去几年PC中央处理器（CPU）市场的原始性能，但这一壮举是有代价的。英特尔前三代桌面PC处理器——Alder Lake、Raptor Lake和Raptor Lake Refresh——都是基于英特尔7制造工艺构建的。
Intel 7 is derived from the company's 10-nanometer (nm) process, which was famously delayed for years. In order to deliver enough performance using inferior manufacturing tech, these chips needed to use far more power than the competition.
英特尔7源自该公司的10纳米(nm)工艺，众所周知，该工艺被推迟了多年。为了使用劣质制造技术提供足够的性能，这些芯片需要使用比竞争对手更多的功率。In benchmarks run by Anandtech earlier this year, Intel's last-generation flagship 14900K chip used about 70% more power than the comparable 7950X CPU from AMD. This is a problem for multiple reasons.
在Anandtech今年早些时候进行的基准测试中，英特尔最新一代旗舰14900K芯片的功耗比AMD的7950X CPU高出约70%。这是一个有多种原因的问题。First, for anyone building a PC, a power-hungry CPU could require a pricier power supply and a more expensive cooling solution, especially if a GPU is involved. Second, Intel ran into instability issues with its two Raptor Lake families, causing some chips to be permanently damaged. The excessive power usage was likely a factor.
首先，对于任何制造PC的人来说，耗电的CPU可能需要更昂贵的电源和更昂贵的冷却解决方案，尤其是在涉及GPU的情况下。其次，英特尔在其两个Raptor Lake系列中遇到了不稳定问题，导致一些芯片永久损坏。过度使用电力可能是一个因素。Alder Lake, Raptor Lake, and Raptor Lake Refresh helped Intel hold its ground in the PC CPU market, but Intel had pushed power consumption about as high as it could reasonably go. With Arrow Lake, officially known as the Core Ultra 200S series, the company has shifted its focus back to power efficiency.
Alder Lake、Raptor Lake和Raptor Lake Refresh帮助英特尔在PC CPU市场站稳了脚跟，但英特尔已经将功耗推到了合理的最高水平。随着Arrow Lake的正式名称为Core Ultra 200S系列，该公司已将重点重新转移到能效上。
A giant leap forward in efficiencyIntel chose to use an advanced manufacturing process from TSMC for Arrow Lake, much like it did for its Lunar Lake laptop chips. Arrow Lake was originally meant to be manufactured on the Intel 20A process, but the company decided to shift resources to Intel 18A, instead. Intel uses its Foveros advanced packaging tech for Arrow Lake, but otherwise, the chip is outsourced.
效率的巨大飞跃英特尔选择使用来自 台积电对于Arrow Lake来说，就像它对Lunar Lake笔记本电脑芯片所做的那样。Arrow Lake原本打算采用英特尔20A工艺制造，但该公司决定将资源转移到英特尔18A。英特尔为Arrow Lake使用其Foveros先进封装技术，但除此之外，芯片是外包的。A combination of using the TSMC process and architectural improvements has yielded enormous power-efficiency benefits. Arrow Lake is capable of delivering the same performance as Raptor Lake Refresh while using half the power. In productivity use cases, like video calls and office applications, power consumption drops as much as 58%, compared to Raptor Lake Refresh.
使用TSMC工艺和架构改进的结合产生了巨大的能效优势。Arrow Lake能够提供与Raptor Lake Refresh相同的性能，同时使用一半的功率。在视频通话和办公应用等生产力用例中，与Raptor Lake Refresh相比，功耗降低了58%。In gaming workloads, the flagship Arrow Lake chip delivers roughly the same performance as its predecessor, on average, while consuming substantially less power. Depending on the game, Intel's numbers point to a reduction in total system power usage as high as 165W. A typical gaming PC may use around 600W total, so that's an enormous reduction.
在游戏工作负载中，旗舰Arrow Lake芯片的平均性能与其前代产品大致相同，同时功耗大大降低。根据游戏的不同，英特尔的数据表明系统总功耗降低了165W。一台典型的游戏电脑可能总共使用大约600W，所以这是一个巨大的减少。Lower power consumption also means less heat. Intel points to an average temperature reduction of 13 degrees Celsius, compared to Raptor Lake Refresh in gaming workloads. For those building a gaming PC, high-end Arrow Lake chips can be paired with less-expensive coolers and cases, compared to Raptor Lake Refresh, since there's much less heat to dissipate.
更低的功耗也意味着更少的热量。英特尔指出，与Raptor Lake Refresh相比，游戏工作负载的平均温度降低了13摄氏度。对于那些构建游戏PC的人来说，与Raptor Lake Refresh相比，高端Arrow Lake芯片可以与更便宜的冷却器和外壳配对，因为需要消散的热量要少得多。Erasing AMD's advantageWhile Arrow Lake isn't quite a slam dunk, mostly because the chips don't deliver much in the way of performance gains for gaming, Intel has managed to greatly reduce or eliminate the huge gap in power efficiency between its chips and those from AMD. Arrow Lake also delivers performance gains across a wide array of applications, although we'll have to wait for third-party reviews later this month to get the full picture.抹去AMD的优势虽然Arrow Lake并不完全是一个灌篮，主要是因为这些芯片在游戏性能方面没有提供太多，但英特尔已经设法大大减少或消除了其芯片与AMD芯片之间在能效方面的巨大差距。Arrow Lake还在各种应用程序中提供了性能提升，尽管我们必须等待本月晚些时候的第三方审查才能了解全貌。Intel has kept AMD to minimal share gains in the desktop PC CPU market over the past few years thanks to Alder Lake, Raptor Lake, and Raptor Lake Refresh, although the crash in PC sales following the pandemic muddles the picture a bit. As PC sales recover, Arrow Lake should put Intel in a strong competitive position.
由于Alder Lake、Raptor Lake和Raptor Lake Refresh，英特尔在过去几年中将AMD在台式机PC CPU市场的份额增长保持在最低水平，尽管大流行后PC销量的崩溃有点混乱。随着PC销售的复苏，Arrow Lake应该会让英特尔处于强大的竞争地位。来源：网页链接{Motley Fool}
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